This book presents cognitive modeling along with the new paradigm machine thinking to enhance existing AI power and address its current limitations. This book provides overview of natural and artificial intelligence along with the computing models used currently. The need of advancing the current models is presented with suitable examples. The business case studies presented in different domains provide possible use of augmented intelligence with the proposed machine thinking paradigm. This book is targeted at academicians, researchers, students, professionals who belong to disciplines which involves intelligent computing and modelling human thinking. It provides possible multidisciplinary research directions including social psychology, artificial intelligence, HCI, cognition for applications in various domains.
Sustainable materials science and engineering is one of the important characteristics of the existing high-tech revolution. The advances of materials science pave way for technical advancements in materials science and industrial technologies throughout the world. Materials are regarded as critical component in all emerging industries. Exquisite preparation and manufacturing must be carried out before a new material may be used. Nevertheless, electronic materials are undeniably important in many aspects of life. Smart materials and structures is a multi-disciplinary platform dedicated to technical advances in smart materials, systems and structures, including intelligent materials, sensing and actuation, adaptive structures, and active control. Recently, sustainable materials and technologies reshape the electronics industry to build realistic applications. At present, without the impact of sustainability, the electronics industry faces challenges. Researchers are now more focused on understanding the fundamental science of nano, micro, and macro-scale aspects of materials and technologies for sustainable development with a special attention toward reducing the knowledge gap between materials and system designs. The main aim of this international conference is to address the new trends on smart sustainable materials field for industrial and electronics applications. The main purpose of this conference is to assess the recent development in the applied science involving research activity from micro- to macro-scale aspects of materials and technologies for sustainable applications. In such a context, particular emphasis is given to research papers tailored in order to improve electronic and industrial applications and market extension of sustainable materials.
Includes a description of the Gammaproteobacteria (1203 pages, 222 figures, and 300 tables). This large taxon includes many well known medically and environmentally important groups. Especially notable are the Enterobacteriaceae, Aeromonas, Beggiatoa, Chromatium, Legionella, Nitrococcus, Oceanospirillum, Pseudomonas, Rickettsiella, Vibrio, Xanthomonas and 155 additional genera.
This book consolidates the current knowledge of how short and long-duration spaceflight affects the anatomy and physiology of the central nervous system. It also incorporates the methodology and constraints of studying the central nervous system in space.
Chapters detail advances in imaging techniques available to assess intracranial and intraocular pathology as well as translational medicine with an emphasis on brain cancer and neurodegenerative disease in spaceflight. Additionally, the book offers theoretical background information, tested laboratory protocols, and step-by-step methods for reproducible lab experiments to aid neuroscientists and neurobiologists in laboratory testing and experimentation.
Spaceflight and the Central Nervous System is the first to comprehensively include all aspects of spaceflight-induced changes in the central nervous system. It is an invaluable resource for basic and clinical laboratory trainees and researchers in aerospace medicine and physiology or for those looking to gain specific knowledge in spaceflight neuroscience.
This book covers the fundamental concepts of electrohydraulic (EH) servo systems in detail and also presents the developments about power, quadratic response, and control flexibility of EH servo systems with applications in aircraft/aerospace engineering, mobile equipment, material/structure testing, motion simulators, and strategic defense sectors. Various topics covered in this books are systems and configurations of servo systems, components, applications, design of SISO and MIMO and control options of SISO and MIMO systems. It further includes a chapter on contamination control, fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) of these systems. The detailed working procedures and advice on implementation routines presented in this book will help readers to apply the control models and systems presented so as to make their own servo systems more efficient. The book will be useful for mechanical engineers and professionals involved in the analysis and design of electrohydraulic control systems, especially in advanced hydraulic industries, the aeronautical and space, and automotive industries. It would also be a useful reference for advanced courses in EH systems.
The atmosphere and the ocean form a coupled system which exchanges heat, momentum and water at the air-sea interface. The interface is dynamic and masses and energy are continually transferred across the air-sea interface. The energy ?ow from the atmosphere to the ocean generates an aerodynamically rough sea surface. If the energy ?ow is su?ciently intense, at some points the surface waves will lose their stability and eventually break. Breaking is a very localized and non-stationary phenomenon that is a source of vorticity and turbulence. Dissipated energy becomes available for mixing the water layers and for whitecapping of various scales. Whitecapping is a strongly nonlinear process, which involves instability of the surface waves with space and time scales several orders of magnitude smaller than those associated with gravity wave motion. Whitecaps are usually formed at or near the crests of the larger waves and occur in groups with successive crests breaking downwind of one another. Wave breaking is the dominant generator of the `primary' marine aerosol (sea salt) and it is a major factor in the air-sea exchange of gases (including carbon dioxide). Most of the aerosol generated from natural waters is in the form of jet and ?lm drops from the bursting of air bubbles (Monahan and Van Patten, 1989). The enriched aerosols associated with the ejected droplets are very - portant in maintaining a source of salt-laden cloud condensation nuclei as well asinterfacial?uxesoftraceconstituents,includingbacteria,viruses,heavym- als, radioactivity and organic material (Kerman, 1986).
Telemedicine and telehealth have consistently been shown to be effective for remote areas or limited-resource locations, regular medical and surgical practice, primary care, second opinion, extreme conditions, major crises, and disaster management. The aim of this book is to bring all aspects of telemedicine and e-health to the reader, in a simple, make-sense approach, in one tome. The book is structured in four parts with 29 chapters written by the best experts in the field from around the world, including clinicians, scientists, and administrators of telemedicine programs. Part I deals with basic principles of telemedicine and telepresence. Historical journeys of telemedicine and strategies, building sustainable telemedicine and telehealth programs in the United States and in the Balkans, as well as incorporation of telemedicine in the current ongoing pandemic COVID-19 are well described and are must read. Current technological developments, rules and regulations, legal and business aspects and consent are also addressed. Part II describes strategies for building sustainable telemedicine and telehealth programs. Telehealth patient portals and public-private partnership modes of technology, as well the role of international telemedicine and how to make it work, are valuable chapters of great significance. Part III describes outcomes-based evidence clinical applications of telemedicine in trauma, burns, intensive care, pediatric care, psychiatry, and stroke. Finally, one important chapter for the readers is the telemedicine for prison and jail population. The final part, Part IV depicts surgical telementoring and teleproctoring, a chapter written by 18 various surgical experts, a true gem for the readers. The book ends with promises and hurdles of telemedicine in austere conditions. Telemedicine, Telehealth and Telepresence serves as a valuable resource that focuses on providing patients care from a distance using store and forward technology to live actual performance of operations at a distance.Chapters 1, 6, 12 and 17 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The first broad overview of conservation needs of Australia's largely endemic freshwater insects, drawing on examples and information from many parts of the world to illustrate and develop needs and practical prospects for conservation in inland water environments. The wide variety of those environments in Australia and their diverse insect inhabitants - many of them highly localised and ecologically specialised and vulnerable - and threats to them is illustrated. Case histories demonstrate the different aspects of practical conservation management that may be possible in different contexts, and numerous references facilitate understanding by non-specialist readers and non-entomologist conservation managers and practitioners.
This interdisciplinary book provides a cross-sectoral and multi-dimensional exploration and assessment of the urban geography perspectives in Zimbabwe. Drawing on work from different disciplines, the book not only contributes to academia but also seeks to inform urban policy with the view of contributing to the national aspirations of Zimbabwe attaining middle-income status by 2030. Adopting a multi-dimensional assessment that transcends disciplines such as urban and regional planning, human and physical geography, urban governance, political science, economics and development studies, the book provides a background for co-production concerning urban development in the Global South.
The book contributes into its analysis of the institutional and legislative framework that relates to the urban geography of Zimbabwe, as these are responsible for the evolution of the urban system in the country. The connections among different sectors and issues such as environment, economy, politics and the wider objectives of the SDGs, especially goal 11 aspiring to create sustainable communities by 2030, are explored. The success stories relating to urban geography in Zimbabwe are identified together with the best possible practices that may inform urban planning, policy and management.
This book offers comprehensive information on the genomics of spruces (Picea spp.), naturally abundant conifer tree species that are widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Due to their tremendous ecological and economic importance, the management of forest genetic resources has chiefly focused on conservation and tree improvement. A draft genome sequence of the 20-gigabase Norway spruce genome was published in the journal Nature in 2013. Continuous efforts to improve the spruce genome assembly are underway, but are hindered by the inherent characteristics of conifer genomes: high amounts of repetitive sequences (introns and transposable elements) in the genome and large gene family expansions with regards to abiotic stress, secondary metabolism and spruces' defense responses to pathogens and herbivory. This book presents the latest information on the status of genome assemblies, provides detailed insights into transposable elements and methylation patterns, and highlights the extensive genomic resources available for inferring population genomics and climate adaptation, as well as emerging genomics tools for tree improvement programs. In addition, this volume features whole-genome comparisons among conifer species, and demonstrates how functional genomics can be used to improve gene function annotations. The book closes with an outlook on emerging fields of research in spruce genomics.
This book provides a descriptive, progressive narrative on the flipped classroom including its history, connection to theory, structure, and strategies for implementation. Important questions to consider when evaluating the purpose and effectiveness of flipping are answered. The book also highlights case studies of flipped higher education classrooms within five different subject areas. Each case study is similarly structured to highlight the reasons behind flipping, principles guiding flipped instructions, strategies used, and lessons learned. An appendix that contains lesson plans, course schedules, and descriptions of specific activities is also included.
Applications of solar energy have been expanding in recent years across the world. This monograph details such far-reaching and important applications which have the potential for large impact on various segments of the society. It focuses solar energy technologies for various applications such as generation of electric power, heating, energy storage, etc. This volume will be a useful guide for researchers, academics and scientists.
Having the knowledge and capacity to deliver therapy to a diverse population is recognized as benefiting client-therapist relationships and producing positive clinical outcomes. In fact, the APA requires that psychologists be aware of and respect the cultural characteristics of their clients which includes psychologists being aware of any biases and prejudice they may hold. Being aware of cultural characteristics, which include age, gender, ethnicity, race, religion and other cultural factors, is important. In the United States, minority ethnic groups are growing substantially, with 28% of the U.S. population identifying as races other than white (U.S. Census, 2016). Additionally, approximately 65 million people in America speak a foreign language that is not English, with over 25 million people having limited English language proficiency. With a diverse pool of clients, helping professionals should be better prepared to work with diverse clients. This handbook offers clinicians a comprehensive resource with which to work with diverse populations.The myriad discussions among the chapters include:Ethical guidelines for working with culturally diverse clientsCultural considerations in psychological assessment and evaluation Behavioral health service delivery with culturally diverse clientsCross-cultural factors in the treatment of trauma related disordersCultural considerations in the assessment and behavioral treatment of substance use disorders Handbook of Cultural Factors in Behavioral Health expertly offers clinicians a comprehensive set of resources and tools that will assist them working with diverse clients. Clinicians working with culturally diverse clients, as well as researchers and students learning about how cultural factors are relevant to the helping profession will all find this volume an integral addition to their library.
The book presents select proceedings of the 8th International and 29th All India Manufacturing Technology, Design and Research (AIMTDR 2021) conference. It covers recent advances in the realms of electro- physical and chemical machining, machining optimization, surface morphology and sustainable machining. The contents also include precision engineering, metrology and quality, automation and smart systems, enterprise manufacturing intelligence, among others. This book will evoke interest among academicians, researchers, and practicing engineers who aspire to comprehend advances pertaining to the domain of modern machining processes
This book is a comprehensive source of authoritative information on the subject of ocular and adnexal lymphoma. It is a completely updated edition of its predecessor and is a conjoint effort of ocular oncologists, general oncologists, and pathologists. The book features contributions from around the world to ensure broad coverage of an evolving topic.
Chapters cover all aspects of ocular lymphomas, including clinical features, classification, epidemiology, diagnostic evaluation, biopsy techniques, histology and molecular pathology, staging procedures, and treatment methods. The emphasis throughout is on easy readability, and the layout ensures rapid retrieval of information. The book offers a clear distinction of what has been updated in the years since the first edition published, including entirely rewritten or revamped chapters. In order to convey fundamental concepts, numerous tables, clinical photographs, histopathologic microphotographs, and imaging studies (fluorescein and indocyanine angiograms, ultrasonograms, CT scans, and MR images) are included.
Ocular and Adnexal Lymphoma strives to cover new developments and innovations in ocular and adnexal lymphoma, providing the clinician with a review and summary of recent research and its implications for clinical practice and explaining how research results impact diagnostics, treatment options and procedures as well as patient management.
This volume presents select papers presented at the 7th International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics. The papers discuss advances in the fields of soil dynamics and geotechnical earthquake engineering. Some of the themes include slope stability, shallow and deep foundations, geosynthetics, ground improvement techniques, etc. A strong emphasis is placed on connecting academic research and field practice, with many examples, case studies, best practices, and discussions on performance based design. This volume will be of interest to researchers and practicing engineers alike.
This book considers the problems of network-based control and optimization. As is known, network-based control has great advantages over traditional control systems because it may lead to easy installation and maintenance, low cost, and so on. Sometimes, network-based control is also necessary in many situations. For example, multi-agents may need to communicate with each other under wireless scenarios. On the other hand, the network may lead to some imperfect factors such as samplings, delays, transmission protocols, and packet losses. These factors may degrade the system performance and even lead to the instability of the control systems.This book aims at providing a modeling framework and analysis approach for the general nonlinear networked control systems based on the hybrid framework. The proposed results deal with very general nonlinear systems and help the readers understand the principle of nonlinear network-based control and optimization.
This book documents the return of the surviving sled dogs of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition of 19101912 from Antarctica, where they had helped Roald Amundsen become the first human to reach the South Pole. This book is the sequel to the highly acclaimed Roald Amundsen's Sled Dogs: The Sledge Dogs Who Helped Discover the South Pole. It chronicles how the sled dogs were used internationally to further promote the expedition's great achievement and follows some of the dogs as they undertake subsequent expeditions with Douglas Mawson's Australasian Antarctic Expedition of 19111914, which made scientific discoveries, and with Arve Staxrud's Norwegian Arctic Rescue Mission of 1913, which saved members of the Herbert Schrder-Stranz German Arctic Expedition. The book tracks the remaining 39 sled dogs to their next challenging adventures and their final destinations in Argentina, Norway, Antarctica, and Australia.Like its predecessor, the book portrays how Amundsen continued to utilize the Polar dogs both in their lives and in their deaths to propel his career and solidify his expedition's image.
This book offers an introduction to the soils of Aotearoa New Zealand, structured according to the New Zealand soil classification system. Starting with an overview of the importance and distribution of New Zealand soils, it subsequently provides essential information on each of the 15 New Zealand soil orders in separate chapters. Each chapter, illustrated with diagrams and photographs in colour, includes a summary of the main features of the soils in the order, their genesis and relationships with landscapes, their key properties including examples of physical and chemical characteristics, and their classification, use, and management. The book then features a chapter on soils in the Ross Sea region of Antarctica and concludes by considering New Zealand soils in a global context, soil-formation pathways, and methods used in New Zealand to evaluate soils and assist in land-management decisions. Information about how to access detailed information via links to the Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research website is also included.
Practical Urological Ultrasound has become a primary reference for urologists and sonographers performing urologic ultrasound examinations. This third edition is comprised of twenty-two chapters including newly added chapters on technical advancements in ultrasound, male reproduction ultrasound, point-of-care ultrasound, quality assessment and implementation for urologic practices, and sonographers in the urologic practice. All chapters are fully updated and expanded, covering additional literature on further elucidation of Doppler ultrasound principles, sonoelastography, quantitative evaluation of the clinical causes of ED, evaluations of the pelvic mesh implant and its complications, developments in multiparametic ultrasound of the prostate, and updated protocols in POCUS.
Written by experts in the field of urology, Practical Urological Ultrasound, Third Edition continues to serve as an important resource for the novice and a comprehensivereference for the advanced sonographer.
This book 'Essays on Contemporary Psychometrics' provides an overview of contemporary psychometrics, the science devoted to the advancement of quantitative measurement practices in psychology, education and the social sciences. The volume consists of four parts, each having several chapters on cutting-edge work in the field. Part I, General Perspectives on Psychometrics, includes expert views on topics such as psychological models vs. measurement models, using tests in decision making, artificial intelligence, and psychometric network models. Part II, Factor Analysis and Classical Test Theory, the type of psychometrics that is still used most often in the social and behavioral sciences, includes state-of-the-art contributions on test-score reliability, change-score reliability, handling missing data in principal component analysis, test equating, and conditional standard errors of measurement. Part III, Item Response Theory, the leading form ofpsychometrics in modern educational measurement, includes discussions of sampling from many conditional distributions, transparent score reporting, nonparametric item response theory, and targeted testing. Part IV, New Psychometrics, discusses recently developed ideas beyond classical test theory and item response theory, including topics related to computer adaptive testing, response-time modelling, validity indices, diagnostic classification models, and the sparse latent class model for ordinal measurements.Together, these four parts provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art in psychometrics in educational measurement. They are a valuable source of information for graduate students who (intend to) study psychometrics and need an overview of the field, and for researchers interested in the current developments in the field. Chapters [3], [5], [8], [16] and [19] are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
This comprehensive book provides practical guidance on the care of the critical patient in the emergency department. It focuses on the ED physician or provider working in a community hospital where, absent the consulting specialists found in a large academic center, the provider must evaluate and stabilize critically ill and injured patients alone. Structured in an easily accessible format, chapters present fundamental information in tables, bullet points, and flow diagrams. Emergency medicine scenarios covered across 38 chapters include acute respiratory failure, spinal cord Injuries, seizures and status epilepticus, care of the newborn, and end-of-life care.
Written by experts in the field, Emergency Department Critical Care is an essential resource for practicing emergency physicians and trainees, internists and family physicians, advance practice nurses, and physician's assistants who provide care in emergency departments and urgent care centers.
This book provides up-to-date, clinically relevant information on a range of complex issues relating to supportive care strategies for the recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation. The topics addressed include the prevention, recognition, and treatment of transplant-related side effects; management of pretransplant comorbidities; supportive care for specific age groups; quality of life issues in patients who experience graft-versus-host disease; mental and spiritual health care; caregiver and healthcare provider support strategies; and important issues related to end of life care. The aim is to supply hematologists, oncologists, transplant specialists, and palliative care physicians with practical knowledge that can be immediately applied in patient care to optimize transplant-related outcomes. The book's format, which offers concise, non-exhaustive coverage of these and other unique topics, is supplemented by a wealth of working tables, algorithms, and figures, ensuring that it will also serve hematology, oncology and transplant trainees as a reliable companion during their daily work. The authors are world-renowned experts in the field of hematopoietic transplantation and palliative care medicine, and present well-reasoned opinions based on their own experiences and draw attention to relevant results from potentially high-impact clinical trials.
This well-illustrated, user-friendly text offers a succinct overview of complex surgical sparing management of reproductive pelvic disorders, designed for the reproductive endocrinology and infertility specialist and general gynecologist. World-renowned experts in these areas have contributed detailed chapters that will bolster the surgical knowledge of challenging clinical reproductive infertility scenarios requiring laparoscopic and hysteroscopic skills to enhance fertility outcomes.
Providing an understanding of when minimally invasive reproductive surgery is indicated, this book presents clinical pearls to help manage specific pathologies and strategies for managing and minimizing the risks of complications in operative laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. It does so by reviewing pelvic and retroperitoneal anatomy and how it applies to myomectomy, extensive endometriosis, ovarian-tubal surgery, septum, C/S scar isthmocele, Mullerian uterine and vaginal anomalies, and managing complications including bladder and bowel injury. Additionally, selected chapters include accompanying video segments for real-world demonstration of techniques.
Reproductive endocrine infertility specialists, as well as clinicians of obstetrics and gynecology interested in reproductive endocrinology and infertility, will find Reproductive Surgery a valuable and focused resource.
